Salvation

Salvation (this page focuses on Faith)

The 10 facets

  1. Regeneration: the act of God that implants a new life in a man (results new birth and five other elements) which has the basis on the blood of Christ (1 Peter 1:17-19); it is irresitable (John 3:8) & mysterious.
  2. Conversion: is the act of God whereby He causes the regenerated sinner in his conscious life to turn to Him in faith and repentance. (It is the resulting conscious act of regeneration)
  3. Faith: faith requires; 1) an existence of a conviction of truth founded in testimony, and 2) the action of believing, to the extent of trusting that truth for one's salvation
  4. Repentance: is the change wrought in the conscious life of the sinner by which he turns away from sin; its the act of turning. (Its not being sorry for sin). In essence a person changes one's mind about Messiah.
  5. Confession: sets out the truth (articulates the conviction required in faith) that is believed: that Christ, the Son of God, died, was buried and rose again.
  6. Forgiveness: an action upon sin, which releases the believer from them; also the action of overlooking sin totally, which grace emphasizes what made forgiveness possible (Luk 7:42, 2 Cor 2:7, 10, 12:13)
  7. Imputation: is to reckon over to another. Humanities sin is imputated to Christ. Christ righteouness is imputed to the believer (Rom 3:21-22, 10:4; 2 Corinthians 5:21; Phil 3:8-9)
  8. Apoption; a believer is given a place of privilege and authority as a son or daughter of God (Rom 9:4; Gal 4:1-5)
  9. Assurance: provides the believer with the understanding and knowledge of the eternal security of salvation.
  10. Glorification: is the state of perfection, a future state of all believers.

Faith

The paradox

We could describe salvation as a "Catch 22."  Paul says the message of the Gospel saves men, but it can only be understood by being spiritually appraised. In other words, you have to be saved already to understand the Gospel, since the message of God can only be understood by a living, born-again spirit. Notice Paul says a natural man "does not accept" the things of the Spirit. It is literally impossible for an unbeliever to believe the Gospel of their own will.

So how can anyone be saved?  The answer is God MUST act first to overcome our natural, unbelieving state by giving us a living spirit capable of belief in the Gospel. God MUST become the author of our faith, for faith can come no other way, according to scripture.

But God, being rich in mercy, because of the great love with which he loved us, even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved— and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus, so that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable riches of his grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus. For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast. (Ephesians 2:4-9) [1]

Faith and its elements and requirements

What is faith

  1. Conviction of truth founded on testimony; thus one needs to know what to believe to have faith; therefore knowledge is key – and one must be convicted the knowledge is true (intellectually); Lk 24:38, Jn 3:11, 31-33, Acts 2:32, 3:15, 5:32, 10:39-43)
  2. Faith means “to believe”; much more than the facts are tur, but believing to the extent of trusting that truth of one’s salvation.

Types of faith

  1. Dead faith: speculative faith – no spiritual response (Acts 26:37, 28; James 2:29)
  2. Temporary faith (emotional faith) – believes initially but never grows in the faith; the faith is an emotional response not a truthful trusting. He accepts the truth out of conscience but not out of trust. There is no regeneration – he is not born again (1 Jn 2:19)
  3. Saving faith – secures salvation; the positive conviction wrought in the heart by the Holy Spirit as to the truth of the gospel. It requires the heart to be reliant on the promise of God that He will save us in Christ.
  4. Living faith – where a born again person lives a spiritual life (Acts 26:18; Gal 2:20; Heb 12:1, 2; 1 Pet 1:5). Living faith is the evidence of the saving faith.
  5. Miraculous faith – where one is convicted that God will do a miracle on one’s behalf; Moses believed that God would change water into blood when standing before pharaoh. (Genesis 7:14-25)

Nature of faith

  1. Faith requires an experiential knowledge (Rom 10:14-17).
  2. Conviction or assent is required; the gospel must be affirmed to be true, stated to be true
  3. Trust is required being the commitment to the truth – that a person, Messiah, can save someone (anyone).

Warrant for faith (on what basis does one need to believe to be saved?)

  1. Universality of the gospel – preached to all men; but only saves if believed (Matt 11:28; 28;19; Acts 17:30, 31).
  2. Messiah’s sufficiency to save all (Matt 11:28, Jn 6:37)

Characteristics of faith

  1. Positive element of conversion (the negative element is repentance), positive is turning to God
  2. Is a human requirement for salvation – it’s what man must do to be saved
  3. Faith has an origin
    1. Is a gift of God (Eph 2:8; Col 2:12; 2 Peter 1:1)
    2. The gift comes by conviction of the truth, by the Holy Spirit (John 16:8; 1 Cor 2:15; 1 John 2:20, 27)
    3. It requires exercising – it’s a human activity and a human responsibility (Rom 10:9; 1 Cor 2:5; Col 1:23; 1 Tim 1:5, 6:11)
    4. The object of faith is God and His entire revelation. The believer believes God; he believes. His revelation – His Word.
  4. The content of the belief is in the Word of God
  5. The object of faith is God and His entire revelation; if one believes God, one believes his revelation (John 3:15, 16, 18, 36; 6:29, 40, 47-51; Acts 10:43; Rom 3:22, 1 Cor 15:1-4; Gal 2:16)
    1. Believe that He died for our sins
    2. Believe he was buried a
    3. Believe he rose attain on the 3rd day
  6. Elements of faith
    1. Intellectual; one must have the knowledge and have a positive recognition of the truth
    2. Emotional: an assent or conviction of the importance of the truth
    3. Volitional; one must will to choose or trust the fact.
    4. Faith is not defined by feeling; it may not be connected to feeling

Faith is the human requirement that enables the Holy Spirit to bring about the new birth – without faith, new birth or regeneration will not take place. Proof: John 1:12a, Galatians 3:26

Purpose

For salvation: But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God, (John 1:12)

Definition of faith

  • A noun.
  • The assent of the mind to the truth of a proposition or statement for which there is not complete evidence; belief in general.
  • Verb – transitive faithed; faithing
  • Requires a certain kind of affective psychological state—namely, having a feeling of assurance or trust.
  • The assurance of theistic faith is essentially a kind of confidence: it is essentially faith in God. In general, faith of the kind exemplified by theistic faith must have some intentional object. It may thus be argued that an adequate model of this kind of faith cannot reduce to something purely affective: some broadly cognitive component is also required. (For an account that takes faith to be fundamentally affective, while allowing that it might also involve cognitive aspects, see Kvanvig 2013.)[2]
  • Trust lays the foundation for faith, in some cases
  • Not all models of faith, however, identify it as primarily a matter of knowing or believing a proposition or a set of them, even with the addition of some affective or evaluative component.
  • It is belief in God, rather than belief God exists.
  • Trusting God, entails practical commitment to the truth of theological faith-propositions, and commitment to the truth of a proposition in one’s practical reasoning may be under direct voluntary control.
  • A model of faith as hope, then, may rather take faith to be acting in, or from, hope.

Grace

Notes that salvation comes BY grace and THROUGH faith, according to Ephesian 2:8. (τῇ γὰρ χάριτί ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι (Perf Pass Part) διὰ (through) πίστεως· καὶ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐξ ὑμῶν, Θεοῦ τὸ δῶρον· (gift))

But now the righteousness of God has been manifested apart from the law, although the Law and the Prophets bear witness to it— the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all who believe. For there is no distinction:  (Romans 3:21-22)

δικαιοσύνη δὲ Θεοῦ διὰ πίστεως ᾿Ιησοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς πάντας καὶ ἐπὶ πάντας τοὺς πιστεύοντας· οὐ γάρ ἐστιν διαστολή· (Romans 3:21-22)

22 It is the righteousness of God available through in Jesus Christ for all who believe

dikaiosynē · de theos dia faith pistis Iēsous Christos eis pas ho pisteuō. For there is no distinction (gar eimi ou diastolē,)

Faith exercised

https://www.openbible.info/topics/exercise_faith

Rom 10:11  For the Scripture says, "WHOEVER BELIEVES ON HIM WILL NOT BE PUT TO SHAME." 

Rom 10:12  For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek, for the same Lord over all is rich to all who call upon Him. 

Rom 10:13  For "WHOEVER CALLS ON THE NAME OF THE LORD SHALL BE SAVED." 

Rom 10:14  How then shall they call on Him in whom they have not believed? And how shall they believe in Him of whom they have not heard? And how shall they hear without a preacher?

On Romans 11:1

Romans 11:1 is not the definition of faith;  εστιν δε πιστις ελπιζομενων υποστασις πραγματων ελεγχος ου βλεπομενων. But rather this verse gives the characteristics (essentially the outcome) of faith “pistos”. 

The word “faith” is a noun, which the author refers to and begins the sentence literally “He is” (in the Greek, faith is masculine) and goes on to provide it’s (‘his’ in Greek) characteristics being the (noun) subject of the sentence.

The author says faith has two characteristics: 1) it has the assurance (hypostatsis) or expecting of things hoped for (a participle) and 2) the no need (“ou”) literally  to be “looking” (blepo in Greek, here as a participle) for a proof for those things hoped for, but rather faith produces conviction (ellegos) of the truth; that is,  someone with faith forgoes the Greek logic (and logic of today) of seeing a thing as proof it exists; faith is counter to this, that is trusting negates seeing. In this we learn that the character of faith is assurance and conviction of things that are/cannot be seen (e.g. as in vs 3 – God created the earth), and the author goes on to provide a list of people who demonstrated this

Regeneration (rebirth)

Means of rebirth (or regeneration)

All four aspects take place at the same time:

  1. The will of God (Jn 1:13, 5:21; 2 Cor 5:17, 18)
  2. Action by the Holy Spirit (Jn 3:5,6; Titus 3:5)
  3. Content provided by The Word of God (Titus 3:5; Rom 10:17; James 1:18; 1 Peter 1:23)
  4. Requires action on our part - faith (John 1:12a, Galatians 3:26)

Nature of rebirth (or regeneration)

  • Required because humans are spiritually dead (John 6:44, 65, Romans 8:8)
  • The believer is born of God (John 1:13), undertaken by the Holy Spirit (Jon 3:5, 6)
  • The Basis is the blood of Messiah (1 Peter 1:17-19)
  • Regeneration manifests the power of God
  • Regeneration is instantaneous
  • Regeneration is irresistible (Jn 3:8) – a believer cannot stop the re-birth
  • Regeneration is mysterious (Jn 3:8)
  • Regeneration is not conversion; conversion is the human side, regeneration is an act of God – it is spiritual.
  • Regeneration and faith takes place at the same time – occurs simultaneously.
  • Without grace, regeneration cannot occur. Grace is efficacious.

What sin is unforgivable

Efficacy

He is the propitiation for our sins, and not for ours only but also for the sins of the whole world. (1 John 2:2)

Unforgivable sin - Nation Israel rejecting their Messiah

A complete understanding of this can be found in the Gospel of Matthew, in particular chapter 12:22-32

And everyone who speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven, but the one who blasphemes against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven. (Luke 12:10)

A common (mis)interpretation of the unpardonable sin suggests that Jesus was speaking merely about the sin of unbelief (i.e., dying without accepting Christ as Lord), but the context of Jesus' words and the related scriptures leads us to reject this interpretation. Jesus was speaking about the unique circumstances Israel encountered when they rejected Christ face-to-face. Israel committed the unpardonable sin, and therefore that entire generation of Israel received a special judgment - a judgment that only that generation could experience. Their penalty was disqualification from receiving the Kingdom. Instead of receiving the Kingdom, that generation was excluded forever from God's forgiveness, leaving only a remnant of Israel to know Christ and receive the Kingdom. (SA)

Sin leading to death (1 John 5:16)

There is a sin that leads to eternal death, which is the sin of unbelief, and this sin cannot be forgiven through our intercession. We have no hope that the Lord will grant our petition that someone be forgiven of their sin of unbelief. The Lord cannot grant such a request. Therefore, concerning a person committing the sin of unbelief, John says the Christian ought not to pray for forgiveness for that person since we know it cannot be granted. We would not be praying in the Lord's will in such a case. Instead, we should pray for the individual to believe so as to be saved and forgiven. 

Whoever believes in him is not condemned, but whoever does not believe is condemned already, because he has not believed in the name of the only Son of God. (John 3:18)

This fits with: Truly, truly, I say to you, whoever hears my word and believes him who sent me has eternal life. He does not come into judgment, but has passed from death to life. (John 5:24)

See also:

  • Mark 16:16
  • Hebrews 2:3; 12:25
  • 1 John 5:10
Old Testament verse in regard unbelief and judgement
  • Psalm 78:21-22
  • Israel: Numbers 14:11, Deuteronomy 1:32
Praying for an unbeliever

Passage - 1 John 5:16

At the beginning of this passage, John defines what he means by "death" and" life." Life is having the Son, that is to be a believing Christian. Conversely, not having life (i.e., death) is not having the Son, that is being an unbeliever. The Bible commonly uses the dichotomy of life and death to represent belief and unbelief.  

Final word

The apostle Paul put it Gal. 6:7-8: Do not be deceived, God is not mocked; for whatever a man sows, this he will also reap. For the one who sows to his own flesh will from the flesh reap corruption, but the one who sows to the Spirit will from the Spirit reap eternal life.

Salvation is obtained by Jesus drawing unbelievers to himself: And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself." (John 12:32) - see also 1 John 2:2

Concerning the true meaning of these words there can be but one opinion in any candid mind. They do not mean, as is often supposed, that if the doctrine of Christ crucified is lifted up and exalted by ministers and teachers, it will have a drawing effect on hearers. This is undeniably a truth, but it is not the truth of the text. They simply mean that the death of Christ on the cross would have a drawing effect on all mankind. His death as our Substitute, and the Sacrifice for our sins, would draw multitudes out of every nation to believe on Him and receive Him as their Savior. By being crucified for us, and not by ascending a temporal throne, He would set up a kingdom in the world, and gather subjects to Himself.

How thoroughly this prophecy has been fulfilled for eighteen centuries, the history of the Church is an abundant proof. Whenever Christ crucified has been preached, and the story of the cross fully told, souls have been converted and drawn to Christ, just as iron-filings are drawn to a magnet, in every part of the world. No truth so exactly suits the wants of all children of Adam, of every color, climate, and language, as the truth about Christ crucified. (JCR)

 

Footnotes

[1] Steve Armstrong: Verse By Verse Ministries

[2] https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/faith/

  • SA Steve Armstrong, Study of John, Verse by Verse Ministery, San Antonio, Texas
  • FFB FF Bruce The Gospel & Epistles of John Eerdmans, Oxford
  • CS Unpublished works of Chris Savage, Ariel Ministeries, Australia.
  • JCR JC Ryle Ryle's Expository THoughts on the Gospels: John Baker Book House, Michigan